自由漂浮柔性机械臂系统的动力学建模与仿真

动量矩守恒约束使自由漂浮柔性机械臂系统成为非完整系统,其动力学模型通常是难以求解的微分—代数方程,因此提出将机械臂系统等效为一个完整系统进行建模。假设载体存在姿态控制力矩,此时由于不存在动量矩守恒约束,系统变成一个完整系统,采用Lagrange方法建立其动力学方程;令方程中载体的姿态控制力矩为零,即得到自由漂浮机械臂系统的动力学方程;采用数值方法求解动力学方程,并将动力学分析的结果与ADAMS中仿真的结果进行对比,验证了模型能够有效模拟自由漂浮柔性机械臂系统的动力学特性。     

挠性接管在轴对称载荷下的应力应变计算

针对目前挠性接管强度计算存在的不足,在充分考虑骨架层的弯曲刚度和扭转刚度对挠性接管强度影响的基础上,推导出在承受轴对称负荷(拉压、扭矩及内压)时,挠性接管及其加强筋的应变和外力的关系,为挠性接管的结构设计和强度计算提供了理论公式.     

身管柔性化对火炮动力后坐试验的影响研究

为研究火炮动力后坐试验过程中身管变形对火炮后坐复进运动的影响,以某自行火炮火力部分作为研究对象,基于多体动力学和有限元方法,构建了考虑身管柔性化的火力部分刚柔耦合动力学模型。该模型中,炮膛合力以样条函数的形式直接作用在炮口前端。通过仿真,对比火炮后坐部分最大后坐速度、最大后坐位移以及最大后坐速度时的后坐位移和时间的仿真值与实弹射击过程中的试验值,结果表明,采用冲击的方式进行火炮后坐模拟试验时,身管柔性特征对火炮后坐复进特性影响较小,也证明冲击式火炮后坐试验装置的研制可行性。     

Optimal policies for M/M/m queue with two different kinds of (N,T)‐policies

In this paper, two different kinds of (N, T)‐policies for an M/M/m queueing system are studied. The system operates only intermittently and is shut down when no customers are present any more. A fixed setup cost of K > 0 is incurred each time the system is reopened. Also, a holding cost of h > 0 per unit time is incurred for each customer present. The two (N, T)‐policies studied for this queueing system with cost structures are as follows: (1) The system is reactivated as soon as N customers are present or the waiting time of the leading customer reaches a predefined time T, and (2) the system is reactivated as soon as N customers are present or the time units after the end of the last busy period reaches a predefined time T. The equations satisfied by the optimal policy (N*, T*) for minimizing the long‐run average cost per unit time in both cases are obtained. Particularly, we obtain the explicit optimal joint policy (N*, T*) and optimal objective value for the case of a single server, the explicit optimal policy N* and optimal objective value for the case of multiple servers when only predefined customers number N is measured, and the explicit optimal policy T* and optimal objective value for the case of multiple servers when only predefined time units T is measured, respectively. These results partly extend (1) the classic N or T policy to a more practical (N, T)‐policy and (2) the conclusions obtained for single server system to a system consisting of m (m ≥ 1) servers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 240–258, 2000     

采用遗传算法的弹托迎风窝结构设计

针对一体化弹丸弹托易分离性和轻质化的设计要求，构建弹托迎风窝参数化外形模型，基于激波和膨胀波理论建立弹托气动力计算模型；以弹托分离加速度和弹托质量综合最优为目标函数，采用遗传算法对弹托迎风窝的外形参数进行优化设计，从而得到弹托迎风窝的优化外形。以中口径尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹的弹托设计为例，采用提出的优化设计模型对其迎风窝结构进行优化设计，并采用基于动网格技术的弹托分离仿真模型验证其最优性。仿真结果表明：所提优化模型能够得到最优的弹托迎风窝结构；针对现有的中口径尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹，可进一步对其弹托结构进行优化，以提高其分离快速性。     

减摇鳍模糊免疫自适应PID控制器设计及仿真研究

针对船舶横摇的非线性模型,利用免疫反馈机理,设计了一种减摇鳍模糊免疫自适应PID控制器。控制器将模糊控制与PID控制相结合,采用Fuzzy推理,对非线性函数进行模糊逼近,用模糊免疫P调节器实时整定PID控制器的比例增益,采用常规模糊控制器在线调整免疫PID控制器的积分时间常数和微分时间常数。通过对船舶减摇鳍控制系统的仿真,可以看出采用模糊免疫自适应PID控制器其控制效果远优于常规PID控制器,使减摇鳍的减摇效果得到显著提高。     

减摇鳍-减摇水舱综合减摇实验装置的研究

采用了减摇鳍-减摇水舱综合减摇的数学模型,对综合减摇数学模型在实验装置上的实现方法进行了分析。通过用软件模拟船舶横摇阻尼力矩的方法可以实现台架模拟船舶的横摇运动,通过对船舶-水舱系统数学模型的分析,可用近似二项式替代的方法来简化船舶-水舱系统数学模型,并通过仿真选出了较理想的近似参数值,使综合减摇数学模型在实验装置上的实现成为可能。通过对综合减摇理论数学模型和综合减摇实验装置模型的仿真分析,可以看出两者有较好的相似性,说明用文中综合减摇实验装置来模拟综合减摇系统的实现方法是可行的。     

“尼罗河魔鬼”柔性长鳍运动曲面建模与仿真

以"尼罗河魔鬼"柔性长背鳍的波动运动为研究对象,综合考虑影响柔性长鳍运动建模的诸因素,建立了描述柔性长鳍波动运动时动态曲面的数学模型,并根据试验观测获得的仿生对象相关数据及对运动学模型中相关要素的简化假设,对仿生对象鱼体及柔性长鳍动态曲面进行仿真计算,通过与试验观测获得的照片进行对比,表明建立的柔性长鳍运动曲面模型通过合理设置各种参数,能够较好地描述柔性长鳍的波动运动,具有较强的适应性和通用性.柔性长鳍运动学模型的建立为其动力学研究及其基于有限元方法的仿真计算奠定了数学基础.     

基于动力学模型的柔性加工设备机电系统状态监测与故障预警

在建立的加工设备机电系统精确动力学模型及对模型参数实时辨识的基础上［１］，建立柔性加工设备机电系统的状态监测模型，包括ＢＡＹＥＳ故障检测、突发故障检测及故障分析与定位等；同时利用Ｋｕｌ－ｂａｃｋ信息距离和多层递阶ＡＲ模型实现系统的状态与故障预警。在加工设备上的实验表明模型可行有效，它能排除柔性多变工况、时变性及随机干扰对监测与预警功能的影响，提高其鲁棒性和自适应能力。     

Dynamic coordination of production planning and sales admission control in the presence of a spot market

We consider the decision‐making problem of dynamically scheduling the production of a single make‐to stock (MTS) product in connection with the product's concurrent sales in a spot market and a long‐term supply channel. The spot market is run by a business to business (B2B) online exchange, whereas the long‐term channel is established by a structured contract. The product's price in the spot market is exogenous, evolves as a continuous time Markov chain, and affects demand, which arrives sequentially as a Markov‐modulated Poisson process (MMPP). The manufacturer is obliged to fulfill demand in the long‐term channel, but is able to rein in sales in the spot market. This is a significant strategic decision for a manufacturer in entering a favorable contract. The profitability of the contract must be evaluated by optimal performance. The current problem, therefore, arises as a prerequisite to exploring contracting strategies. We reveal that the optimal strategy of coordinating production and sales is structured by the spot price dependent on the base stock and sell‐down thresholds. Moreover, we can exploit the structural properties of the optimal strategy to conceive an efficient algorithm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010